Rival
Lebanese factions reached an agreement to resolve their 18-month
political crisis after five days of intensive talks in the Gulf state
of Qatar, Lebanese Telecommunications Minister Marwan Hamadeh said
Wednesday.
The agreement was a major triumph for Lebanon's Hizbullah-led
opposition, as it met the side's two key demands - veto power in a new
national unity government, and an electoral law that divides up Lebanon
into smaller-sized districts, for better representation of the various
sects.
But the opposition was not gloating and Hamadeh said "there are
no losers" in the agreement. "Lebanon is the winner," he told The
Associated Press on the phone from Doha, the Qatari capital.
Hamadeh said the factions reached the breakthrough deal at dawn
Wednesday. A signing ceremony was expected at 10:30 a.m., chaired by
Qatari ruler Emir Sheik Hamad Bin Khalifa Al-Thani. Speeches by both
sides and the Arab mediators would follow, he said.
The Qatar-hosted came on the heels of Lebanon's worst internal
fighting since the 1975-90 civil war, with clashes earlier this month
between pro-government groups and the opposition raging in the streets
of Muslim west Beirut, the central mountains and the north. At least 67
people died.
As the country came close to a new all-out war, Arab League
mediators intervened and got the sides to agree to hold negotiations in
Qatar on resolving the crisis that has paralyzed the country.
Along with veto-power on government policies, the Syrian-backed
opposition will get 11 seats in the Cabinet, while 16 seats would go to
the US and Western-backed parliament majority, and the remaining three
would be distributed by the elected president, according to Hamadeh.
He said the rival factions have also agreed on a new election
law satisfactory for both sides. The new electoral law is significant
because it will determine how the sides distribute power in the capital
and directly influence the outcome of the next parliamentary elections
in 2009.
Lebanon has been without a president since November, when Emile
Lahoud stepped down, with the rival factions unable to resolve their
differences over a future government. Both sides, however, have agreed
on Gen. Michel Suleiman, the army chief, as a consensus candidate, but
Parliament could not muster a quorum to meet without both sides
agreeing on remaining issues - including the formation of the national
unity government and electoral law.
Hamadeh said he expected Suleiman to be elected by Friday.
He also said legislators from the parliament majority, who have
been living abroad fearing for their safety after a wave of bombings
targeting mainly anti-Syrian lawmakers and politicians, would be asked
to return to Beirut to vote for the president in parliament.
Asked whether the agreement bans Hizbullah's supporters from
taking up arms and turning their weapons on fellow Lebanese as they did
earlier this month, Hamadeh only said the "agreement forbids internal
use of weapons ... and calls for dialogue ... on the whole subject of
arms."
The agreement was struck after host Qatar stepped up pressure
Tuesday, offering the rival factions two drafts on how to end the
deadlock and a day to consider the proposals.
Lebanese televisions reported that the Qatari Emir intervened
personally late Tuesday, arriving at the Doha hotel for meetings with
leaders of both Lebanese camps. The emir had visited Saudi Arabia
earlier in the day.
The negotiations had hit snags from the very start, with
neither side willing to give concessions. By late Tuesday, they were
back to working in joint committees on how to divide Beirut into
electoral districts.
The 18-month political deadlock started when Hizbullah-led
opposition lawmakers resigned from the government in November 2006 to
protest the Cabinet's refusal to grant them enough seats to ensure veto
power.
The Qatar deal was also a triumph for the tiny energy-rich Gulf
state. Lebanese stalemate had defied mediation efforts by other Arab
and European countries, including shuttle diplomacy in the last year by
the foreign minister of France, Lebanon's former colonial ruler.